Air source heat pumps, with their energy-saving and environmentally friendly features, have played a crucial role in the "coal-to-electricity" project in northern China. Equipped with both cooling and heating capabilities, they are also favored by many home decoration users. However, air source heat pump systems encounter various issues during use, such as high power consumption, unit frosting, excessive noise, and insufficient heating capacity.
High Power Consumption of Air Source Heat Pumps
1.Impact of Installation Environment
Ambient temperature affects the heating capacity of air source heat pumps—the lower the temperature, the higher the power consumption. For example, significant temperature differences between morning, noon, and evening cause the compressor to operate for varying durations, leading to increased power usage at low temperatures. Additionally, air circulation around the heat pump unit influences power consumption: ensure no obstacles block the unit, as smoother ventilation enhances heat exchange efficiency and reduces electricity use. When selecting a unit, choose the appropriate type based on the environment (e.g., normal-temperature models for southern China and low-temperature models for northern China).
2.Poor Indoor Heat Retention
All winter heating equipment is affected by building insulation—better insulation results in lower energy consumption, while poor insulation leads to higher energy use. During heating, opening windows or doors causes rapid heat loss, preventing the room from reaching the set temperature. This forces the heat pump to run continuously, significantly increasing power consumption. Improving building insulation is the most effective way to reduce energy use: minimize window and door openings during operation, use heat-insulating curtains, and enhance external or internal wall insulation.
Severe Frosting on Air Source Heat Pump Units
3.Loose Components
During operation, the compressor and fan cause unit vibration, which may loosen or dislodge internal components—particularly temperature sensors. Like other heating equipment, air source heat pumps require regular maintenance and cleaning. Inspect for loose parts, rewrap and reconnect temperature-sensitive probes, and replace damaged components.
4.Insufficient Oil Pressure and Refrigerant
Oil pressure is essential for the normal operation of the heat pump unit, and refrigerant acts as the medium for heat transfer in the compressor. Insufficient oil pressure or refrigerant reduces the unit’s heat transfer capacity, leading to abnormal defrosting on the unit surface in low-temperature environments. In such cases, replenish the compressor oil and refrigerant to the required levels.
Excessive Noise During Operation
5.Loose Screws
Units must be installed horizontally with shock-absorbing pads to reduce noise from vibration. Compressors typically have independent compartments with noise reduction designs, and fan outlets are shaped to minimize air resistance and noise. Loose components in the unit or indoor fan coils cause unbalanced operation and abnormal noise.
6.Insufficient Lubricating Oil
Lubricating oil is required for smooth operation of the compressor and fan motor shafts, as well as all mechanical contact points. Insufficient or dry lubricating oil results in dry friction, increased noise, and accelerated component wear, leading to equipment damage.
7.Damaged Components
Air source heat pumps consist of numerous components—damage to any part causes abnormal operation and malfunctions. Immediately replace or repair damaged components to avoid minor issues escalating into major faults, which can cause noise and permanent equipment damage.
Insufficient Heating Capacity
8.Compressor Malfunctions
The compressor is the "heart" of the heat pump system, driven by low power to extract heat from the air and supply high-temperature heat to the room. A faulty compressor prevents the system from effectively absorbing heat from the air, directly reducing heating capacity.
9.Poor Pipe Insulation
Air source heat pumps can supply heat via fan coils or underfloor heating pipes. Effective pipe insulation is critical for heat transfer: outdoor pipes require insulation materials at least 3 cm thick, wrapped in anti-corrosion and thermal insulation materials like aluminum foil to minimize heat loss. Indoor pipes (e.g., fan coil water lines and main pipes connecting the underfloor heating manifold to the unit) must also be properly insulated to ensure maximum heat delivery to the room.
10.Poor Refrigerant and Water Circulation
Air source heat pump systems have two circulation loops: a freon loop in the outdoor unit and a water loop indoors. Blockages in either loop disrupt heat transfer, resulting in insufficient heating. Conduct regular full-system maintenance to check freon levels and circulation, as well as indoor water volume and flow. Improve circulation in heat transfer channels to ensure normal heat supply.
Summary:
Air source heat pumps are popular due to their comfort, energy efficiency, environmental friendliness, stability, long service life, and low-temperature resistance. However, issues may arise during selection, installation, and use. To minimize problems and maximize advantages, choose high-quality, reputable units and rely on professional installation and maintenance services.
